Mount Agung which is about 3142 meters, the highest mountain in Bali, is an important part inseparable from the existence of Pura Besakih (Temple of Besakih). Based on the record, Mount Agung has been erupting several times - in 1089, 1143, 1189 and 1963.
About the establishment of Besakih, on the basis of the records contained in a metal plaque and lontar (written historical records on palm leaves), stated the building was originally a small "pelinggih" (I could not find the right translation for this word) then enlarged and expanded gradually in tempo long enough. From the sources it is known that the note at the beginning of the 11th century is the year 1007, there Besakih.
When was the reign of Airlangga, East Java (1019-1042) and Empu (people who are experts in the fields of hindu religion) Senapati Kuturan be in Bali, which is located in Silayukti, Padangbai, Karangasem regency. Empu Kuturan enlarge and extend the Pura Besakih to build a number "pelinggih". Meru (I could not find the right translation for this word) was built to imitate some buildings in Java as it is now.
Other sources mentioned, Maha Rsi Markandeya moved with the group of about 8,000 people from Raung in East Java to Bali to settle down and open the agricultural lands and establish Besakih to the safety and welfare of pleading by planting five Datu.
Then, in the next period, the time the government of Sri Wira Kesari Warmadewa until the reign of Dalem Waturenggong, Pura Besakih still get a good maintenance. Almost all of his "pelinggih" repaired, arealnya extended, even by Dang Hyang Dwijendra or Pedanda Sakti Wawu Rauh "pelinggih" coupled with the current three bears are in the Pura Agung Besakih Upgrading around the 16th century, during the reign of Dalem Waturenggong in Bali.
Mentioned, the word comes from the word Besakih, "basuki" which means "congratulations". This word developed into "basukir and basukih", then became Besakih. This name is found in two inscriptions that are stored in Gedong Penyimpenan in Natar Agung, an inscription in Mrajan Selonding and another at Temple Sakti Gaduh in the Selat village.
Besakih public function is as a place for Hindus to beg salvation. At the time Bhatara Turun Kabeh (one of a ceremony at Besakih Temple) that held on each full moon Sasih kedasa (around October) each year, the entire Hindu come flocking to convey his devotion to God bow. In this temple also held Panca Wali Krama ceremony every 10 years and the largest ceremony of Eka Dasa Ludra once every 100 years. Eka Dasa Ludra ceremony last held in 1973.
In the lontar of King Jaya Sri Kesunu mentioned Jayakesunu ordered installed on penjor Galungan as a symbol of Mount Agung. At the time of Lord Krishna Kepakisan, as contained in the lontar of King Purana Besakih about the ceremony, the name pelinggih, pelaba soil (land that belongs to the right temple), composition board, to level the ceremony, well-regulated.
Temple Structure
Until now, Pura Besakih is still the largest temple in Bali, is the central place of worship for Hindus in Indonesia. Besakih group consisted of 18 temple complex located in Besakih village area and one located in the Village Sebudhi, Selat District, Karangasem. Apart from the temple which is mentioned below, there are many more of Pura Pedharman that as penyiwaan for citizens who actually can not be separated by Pura Besakih itself. Here are the details of these pretended :
1. Pura Persimpangan - Located in the Village Kedungdung, in the middle of a field of about 1.5 km, south of the Great Penataran. In this temple there are 4 buildings and "pelinggih". Function as a temporary crossing when Bhatara Besakih held Melasti ceremony (pleaded for holy water from God) to Toya sah, to Tegal Suci or to Batu Klotok conducted each year.
2. Pura Dalem Puri - Located on the north bend in the last road, before it reached the village of Besakih about 1 km to the southwest Penataran Agung Besakih. In this temple there are 10 buildings, including pelinggih Gedong thats the roof shaped by fibers. The function as Uma and Durga Goddess pelinggih. In this temple there are also "pelinggih" Sang Hyang Prajapati as the ruler of the human spirit. To the north there is terrain called Tegal Penangsar.
3. Pura Manik Mas - Located on the edge of the left side of the road leading to the Pura Penataran Agung, located about 750 meters south of the Penataran Agung. In this temple there are 6 buildings and pelinggih, including the shape of the building just pelinggih store, four-poster facing west. Function as the holy place of Ida Ratu Mas Melilit.
4. Pura Bangun Sakti - Located on the right path towards Penataran Agung and the north of Pura Manik Mas. In this temple there are four buildings and pelinggih. Essence is Pelinggih Gedong as the holy place of Sang Hyang Ananthaboga.
5. Pura Ulun Kulkul - Located about 350 meters left of the road to the Penataran Agung. In this temple there are seven buildings and pelinggih. Pelinggih the most important is Gedong Sari as the holy place God Mahadeva. This temple is one of holy place of Gods of Catur Loka Phala, which is a manifestation of Sang Hyang Widhi which controls the west. Color jewelry or clothing in this temple, at the time of the ceremony, all in yellow.
6. Pura Merajan Selonding - Located on the left of Penataran Agung, with five buildings and pelinggih. In this temple there are stored inscriptions and a number of Pratima, and Slonding music instruments. According to historical records, this temple is part of the former royal palace of Sri Wira Dalem Kesari. Today, the temple serves as a storage heritage objects.
7. Pura Gowa - Located on the right path and face to face with Pura Merajan Slonding. In this complex there is a large cave, but the parts have a lot of collapse. According to popular belief, it was through the Lawah Cave (in Klungkung Regency), east Kusamba, as a cave to Sang Hyang Basuki. In this temple there are four pelinggih.
8. Pura Banuwa - Located on the right road in front of Pura Besakih, about 50 meters from the Penataran Agung. In this temple there are four buildings and the main worship pelinggih addressed to Dewi Sri (Goddess of fertility and prosperity). Each Sasih Kepitu or around January, a ceremony was held here called "Ngusaba Ngeed" and "Ngusaba Buluh" which aims to please prosperity in the fields and in fields.
9. Pura Merajan Kanginan - Located on the east of Pura Banuwa. In this temple there are seven buildings and pelinggih, of which there is pelinggih to Empu Baradah.
10. Pura Hyang Aluh - Located west of the Penataran Agung, located about 200 meters. Inside were seven buildings and pelinggih. The most important pelinggih is Gedong that the holy place of Ida Ratu Ayu.
11. Pura Basukihan - located on the right of the stairs up to the Penataran Agung. Here there are 10 buildings and pelinggih. Meru is the primarily pelinggih with the nine-story roof as the holy place of Sang Hyang Naga Basuki (The holly dragon of Basuki).
12. Pura Penataran Agung Besakih - Located in the middle of the temple of Besakih, including the environment. This temple complex including the largest in the Pura Besakih. Consists of 7 levels with the number of pages and pelinggih building as many as 53 pieces total. Here there is a large Meru-roofed seven levels of 11, 9, 7, 5, and 3. Pelinggih which is essentially the worship of Padma Tiga as the holy place of Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa (God Almighty) in its manifestation as the Tri Purusa; Ciwa, Sada Ciwa and Parama Ciwa which also is the "axis" of the mock others.
13. Pura Batu Madeg - Located about 150 meters on the right (north) Penataran Agung. This temple is a large temple complex, with 29 buildings and pelinggih. Meru with 11 levels roof is the primarily pelinggih. This building is the holy place of God Vishnu as a manifestation of Sang Hyang Widhi (God Almighty), which controls the north direction. Fashion color in this temple is all black.
14. Pura Kiduling Kreteg - Located about 300 meters on the left (south) Penataran Agung, on a hill. Inside were 21 buildings and pelinggih. Meru with 11 levels roof is the primarily pelinggih as the holy place of God Brahma, the manifestation of the Sang Hyang Widhi as ruler of the south. This temple complex is a large complex, almost as big as the Pura Batu Madeg. Fashion color in this temple is all red.
15. Pura Gelap - Located about 600 meters on a hill east of the Penataran Agung. Inside are six buildings and pelinggih. Meru with 3 levels roof is the primarily pelinggih as the holy place of God Iswara - Sang Hyang Widhi's manifestations as the ruler of the east. Fashion color in this temple is all white.
16. Pura Peninjauan - Located about 1 km on the right side Penataran Agung, in which there are 12 buildings and pelinggih. Meru shaped Pelinggih roofed main 11 level, where the Empu Kuturan pleaded to Sang Hyang Widhi in the framework of a ceremony on Mount Agung.
17. Pura Pengubengan - located 1.5 km north of the Penataran Agung, in which there are six buildings and pelinggih. Function as a place ngayat or ngubeng - a ceremonial proclamation to Sang Hyang Widhi that in the Penataran Agung will be held a ceremony. Meru with 11 levels roof is the primarily pelinggih here.
18. Pura Tirta - Located approximately 300 meters northeast of Pura Pengubengan. In this temple there are two buildings and pelinggih, and holy water (tirta). If there is a ceremony at Besakih complex, this temple is the people begging tirta or holy water.
19. Pura Pasar Agung - Located on the slopes of Mount Agung, through the Selat Village to Sebudhi Village, and then climb about four hours to climb to the north. All pelinggih destroyed when Mount Agung erupted in 1963, and by the work of Eka Dasa Rudra at Besakih has started gradually improved until now.
Ok, thats all about Besakih Temple. A Little description of the Pura Besakih (Temple of Besakih) and parts. May be useful for those interested and will visit to Pura Besakih. Thank you!(*bhn/tmpl)
Reference :
* Image : http://purabesakih.blogspot.com/search/label/Intro%20Besakih
* info : http://www.besakihtemple.com/?page_id=2
No comments:
Post a Comment
please leave your message, suggestions, or criticism here!!